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Friday Fundas

Eyeline Match

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Eyeline Match

In last week’s Friday fundas I had discussed about the 180 degree rule that is associated with the spatial relationship of the characters on screen. I had discussed about a scene in which two characters are talking to each other. Now consider the same scene is shot by alternating between the close up shots of each character as they talk. In reality this shot could be taken with covering all the dialogues of one person first and then covering the responses. During editing these are arranged in proper sequence. One of the items to take care when doing such a scene is Eyeline Match. In this week’s Friday fundas I would talk about Eyeline Match.

Eyeline Match is a movie editing technique. Whenever a character on screen is looking into the off screen space then audience would want to follow the gaze of the character. They would want to see the object, person or scene the character is looking at. Hence this is normally followed by a cut to the scene involving the object, scene or person the character is looking at. In our conversation scene character A is talking to character B. Now the shot involving character A talking is taken first. It is important to match the eyeline of character A such that it gives a feeling that the character is looking at B. Usually the actor playing character B is placed off camera for the character A to look at. Sometimes there is a mark placed off camera on which the character A focuses on while delivering the dialogue. The same technique is employed when taking the shot of character B responding to the conversation. In this case the camera is placed on the opposite direction. Now we know there is a 180 degree rule governing this. As we are going to focus on a different character there is no rule broken here. However in order to get the eyeline match right the same camera lens is maintained and also the camera is placed equidistant from the 180 degree axis as the previous shot. For instance if the camera has been placed 3 feet from character A then the same distance is maintained for character B during the next shot. Look at the following two shots from The Dark Knight movie where Batman interrogates Joker. The eyeline match makes it look they are looking at each other and talking.

Dark Knight - Batman interrogates Joker
Dark Knight – Batman interrogates Joker

At the editing table when the editor assembles these shots in order it appears to be a continuous flow of sequence for the audience. They feel that both characters are conversing with each other. However if these positions are not maintained correctly the characters would seem disconnected from each other and so would be the audience from the scene. Although this is a simple technique, when followed right it would create a pleasant visual.

You may also like: 180 degree rule | Creative Geography | Kuleshov Effect | Friday Fundas Archive

Trailers

Orange Mittai Trailer

Orange Mittai Trailer

Vijay Sethupathi’s next movie directed by Biju Viswanath Orange Mittai Trailer is released. The way the trailer is presented itself gives a taste of what to expect from the movie. This is expected to be a laugh riot on lines of Soodhu Kavvum. Watch the Trailer now.

Presenting a trailer without much glimpses from the movie is definitely innovative. Probably they did not want to give too much away. However the trailer reveals or hints on the following

1. The movie is of comedy genre

2. Vijay Sethupathi is playing the character of an old man

3. Three characters are travelling together in an ambulance

4. The film may not be just slap stick comedy but have mixed bag of comedy and emotions

5. The movie also stars Ramesh Thilak who had worked with Vijay Sethupathi in Soodhu Kavvum.

The trailer has definitely hyped up the expectations. Will have to wait and watch if it is able to stay up to the expectations it has set with the audience.

Genre, SciFi

Interstellar Review

Interstellar Review – Interstellar is an American science fiction film released in 2014. In the future Earth’s resources are depleted and run short of food. In order to offset the human race switch to an agrarian society and concentrate on farming. But the environment is becoming non-conducive for living. Former NASA pilot Cooper is into farming. He and his daughter chance upon a NASA project which is targeted to save the human race by finding an alternate suitable planet. Cooper gets on board the exploration much against the wish of his daughter. Will they succeed in the mission is the plot of Interstellar.

Director Christopher Nolan is a genius film maker who can think multi-dimensional and create complicated plots. He has done the same with Interstellar. The subject is complicated for a lay man who does not have the basics of space travel and theory of relativity. Although there are scenes which explain some of the concepts as it travels but still it demands some intelligent viewing. If you go into the hall expecting a Dark Knight or Inception then you would find this bit overwhelming. But if you go into the hall expecting a Memento or Prestige then you would enjoy this. The visuals are quite stunning. The movie is deeply emotional as it progresses. The background score by Hans Zimmer fits well. Certain high points that would enthrall you in the movie are

  • The scene in which they first launch into the space there is a loud noise inside the space craft and as the camera pans out there is absolute silence and this alternates.
  • The spectacular view of the wormhole
  • The scene in which they land on the Miller’s planet and what happens later
  • The entire climax sequence

Matthew McConaughey has delivered a good performance and is ably supported by all other cast as well. As you would see in all other Nolan movies, the dialogues are very powerful.

Overall if you are a fan of complicated science fiction movies then you would fall in love with Interstellar and it would be an experience to watch it.

Must Watch

You might also like: Gravity Review | Interstellar Guest Review

Action, Biopic, Genre, Must Watch, Other Languages, Rating, Reviews

Ip Man Review

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Ip Man Review – Ip Man is a semi biographical Hong Kong film released in 2008. The film is loosely based on the life of Yip Man a grand master of the martial art Wing Chun.  Yip Man also had been the mentor of the Kung Fu Legend Bruce Lee.

The film covers the events of Yip Man’s life between 1930 and 1940. This was the period of the Sino Japanese war and China was undergoing a major struggle. Donnie Yen has performed brilliantly as Ip Man. His stunt moves are great watch. Overall the stunt choreography of the film is done very well. If you are a fan of martial arts movies you would love this. The story has given more importance to martial arts and how it was perceived by many after the era of Shaolin temples. The art was fading away and people knowing only the art were still not seen as responsible compared to a business man. This is seen in many occasions in the film where one of his friend says he had been thinking for what use is the martial arts and also at one point Ip Man himself says he just know martial arts and no work. The film also glorifies Chinese martial arts which teach compassion and not punishing people unduly. The first half of the film deals with the culture of the city of Foshan which is a martial arts hub in Southern China. The second half has a strong contrast where in life becomes difficult after the invasion of the Japanese. The characterization and buildup of Ip Man is done very well and your respect and awe for him grows as the movie progresses. The scene in which he enters the martial arts training ring of Japanese soldiers and tells he would fight ten people is a high point in the movie. Credit goes to Director Wilson Yip for creating a story that is compelling. Lot of creative liberties has been taken to make the movie dramatic and it has worked well.

Overall if you love martial arts movies this one is a must watch for you.

Must Watch – for all martial arts fans

Friday Fundas

180 Degree Rule – Can I cross the line?

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180 Degree Rule – Can I cross the line?

Let us consider you are watching a movie and there is a scene which shows a car running at a considerable speed. You see the car entering the left side of the frame and exit on the right side of the frame on a highway background. But now in the next shot without any transition you see the car entering the right side of the frame and exit on the left side. What would you feel? Would you feel disoriented in figuring out which side the car is going? And if the car is actually moving forward? Well to avoid this phenomenon the film making process has framed a guideline called as the 180 degree rule.

180 degree rule is going to be the topic for this week’s Friday Fundas. 180 degree rule refers to the spatial relationship between the characters on screen. Let us look a setup in which two characters are conversing with each other. There is an imaginary line called the axis that connects the two characters. As depicted in the figure below the camera could be placed on either side of this line. This is denoted by Camera A and Camera B.

180 Degree Rule
180 Degree Rule

The shots as taken by the Camera A and B are shown in the illustration of Shot A and Shot B respectively. You would see based on which side the camera is the characters left and right position changes. For instance the green person is on the left in shot A while in shot B he is on the right. If the scene involves dialogue between the two characters and then it is advised to keep the camera on one side of the 180 degree axis line. The camera can move to any position within the side but cannot jump over to the other side. If it jumps over to the other side then it causes the audience to get disoriented like our example on the car scene.

If the shot after the original shot has the camera on the other side of the line then it is called as the Reverse cut. This usually disorients the viewers and their ability to connect to the visuals is lost. However many directors have broken the 180 degree rule to give more conveying newer meanings. These are part of the new wave film making. At most care should be taken when breaking this rule. Some of the directors who had broken this rule and succeeded are Stanely Kubrick (Shining), Peter Jackson (Lord of the Rings) and the Wachowskis (The Matrix).

The Matrix Bullet Time
The Matrix Bullet Time

In the movie The Matrix the bullet time technique is used and while crossing the line the frame is frozen on that time and the logical arrangement of cameras produces a continuous motion to cross the line there by adjusting the orientation of the viewers as well. Many film makers use a buffer shot while crossing the line. The buffer shot would involve a shot along the 180 degree line which separates the two sides. This minimizes the jolt and help in re-orientation of the audience.

Gollum
Gollum

In the movie Lord of the Rings, The Two Towers, Peter Jackson has crossed this line to show Gollum’s split personalities of the good and the bad. The shots in which the Gollum is speaking good, he is on the right side while the shot in which he speaks evil, he is on the left side.

180 degree rule is not a hard and fast rule but film makers should give due respect to this and use this diligently to produce a visual connect for the audience with the movie.

Read other Friday Fundas

Action, Can Skip it, Comedy, Genre, Rating, Reviews, Tamil Movies

Oru Oorla Rendu Raja Review

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Oru Oorla Rendu Raja Review – Oru Oorla Rendu Raja is a Tamil action comedy released in 2014. Azhagu and Michael are jobless youths who meet doctor Priya on a train journey. Azhagu instantly falls in love with Priya.  When they become aware of the social cause Priya is fighting for and the danger lurking over her life they decide to go to any lengths to save her and help her succeed in her cause. Will they succeed is the plot of the movie.

Oru Oorla Rendu Raja has a social message in its core. It seems to be the trend of voicing against the corporate depleting the environment and causing hazard to lives of people. The social message is the only factor of appeal in the movie. Director R Kannan has relied on some average comedy sequences to move the screenplay in which the entire social message gets weak. The comedy is also very forgettable but for very few punches. Vimal and Soori has repeated their template style of movies. Soori has played a dominant role while Vimal has underplayed his role. He should start trying to come out of his template to explore other areas in acting. Priya Anand has a good role to play in the movie. Sundari Penne song has been shot very well. If the director had given more weightage to the social message he wanted to convey rather than fitting the story to the stars it had the potential to become an interesting watch. Also certain shots and the detailing of the shots are just below average.

Overall the movie has very few pluses in terms of its social message and songs. Apart from that the movie falls into the trap of average comedy sequences which you might get to see in 24 hour comedy channels.

Can Skip it

Action, Comedy, Genre, Rating, Reviews, Tamil Movies, Wait for DVD/TV

Thirudan Police Review

Thirudan Police Review – Thirudan Police is a Tamil action comedy film released in 2014. Vishwa gets his father’s job as a constable after his father’s death during an encounter. He doesn’t have any hard feelings as his father always has been strict with him. But as he learns the kind of difficulties a constable has to go through in his job he develops respect towards his father.

Thirudan Police is the first directorial venture for Caarthick Raju. He has taken up direction after working for creating visual effects for several movies. Given this is a first movie the end product has definitely turned out to be very decent. The first half of the movie is very engaging and revolves around the life in police quarters and the kind of life the lower grade officers go through which includes losing their self-respect on many occasions. All these are conveyed in a humorous tone which proves effective. The scene in which he has to buy fruits from a roadside vendor for free for the assistant commissioner’s family and in the end he fights with his conscience and pays out of his own pocket is a good one. There are many such scenes which make the movie stand apart from the rest. Till the complex knot is built and he realizes the sacrifice of his father the movie is very engaging but post that it slows down a bit. Although the director had a good plot built up he did not want to take the usual route of ending the climax in a dramatic fight rather he had chosen to stay different which may not appeal to many sect of the audience.

Attakathi Dinesh has performed his role well and this is a role that suits him well. Iyshwarya Rajesh does not have much role in the movie.

Overall Thirudan Police is more about police rather than the thief. Apart from minor glitches and the songs for the sake of songs Thirudan Police is definitely deserves a watch when you are at leisure.

Wait for DVD/TV

Guest Post

Guest Post: The Ghosts of Vampires

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Guest Post: The Ghosts of Vampires

Written By Tennyson Thomas

About the Author:  Tenny is an avid blogger and a reviewer of movies specializing in horror movies. He runs the blog Movies of the Soul where his fictional characters Vampire Owl and Vampire Bat review the pluses and minuses of a movie. His blog Divine Epic is a running fiction on faith, belief and hope. He also runs a general blog The Tea Cerebration and travel blog The Viator.

There was a time when Dracula should have been a pseudonym for vampire, but that has obviously changed. There has always been Carmilla, Lord Ruthven and Varney the Vampire, but none of them had anything too different from the most well-known vampire of all time. Dracula has been a character beyond all cultures, and not defined by any limitation with its reach for the admirers. But a variation was inevitable, and one of the most significant changes came with three vampires which Anne Rice had invented and was brought to the big screen through Brad Pitt, Tom Cruise and Kirsten Dunst – Louis, Lestat and Claudia.

That takes us to the movie Interview with the Vampire, one of the most impressive vampire movies of all time. One has to admit that it has brought more than a few thousands of new vampire fans. There was conscience, there was the presence of thoughts, and there was a rare breed of philosophical vampires. The vampires were no longer declared without a soul or without the scope for being good. The state of damnation was present, but their existence was not necessarily pure evil, but defined by their actions which were the result of the myriads of thoughts. It was a beginning of a change, something which seemed fair in the beginning, only to be destroyed by the movie Queen of the Damned based on the works of the same writer.

This was part of fertile grounds, and on the same, Vampire Journals made an appearance. This lesser known movie has a similar situation, with “a vampire with a mortal heart” as our protagonist calls himself as he goes on to destroy the bloodline of the one who created him. This is another intense movie which follows somewhat the same path as Interview with the Vampire. The next impressive vampire movie came much later in the form of Byzantium (even as the Underworld movies did have their merits), but between them, there were movies which made a mockery of the vampire legacy, those which I would call “the ghosts of vampires”.

Among those ghosts, the most popular and the prominent ones belong to Twilight, displaying its vampires as mutant-like creatures with superpowers, only retaining that taste for blood. Their existence itself making no sense at all, sparkling in sunlight is one of the most disastrous qualities that a vampire character could have ever been given, and the addition of the protagonist Isabella Swan to the vampires list only devastates the already existing list of shame, while the werewolf side and the ending in the final part of the movie, are better left untold. My question about it is that couldn’t these creatures been something else other than vampires? What was The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones doing with its vampires? Depressing.

It is not that the vampire can’t be depicted as part of the modern life, because Fright Night could achieve that so well. But the question remains about the impact that the vampires could bring a long time ago. But that doesn’t exist anymore, as the vampires are no longer of the power that they once had, as they have becomes the “ghosts of their self”, the shadows of themselves. The good about them which were obviously “the bad” no longer has that much of a role to play, and vampires, with too much of humanity becomes no longer themselves, but ghosts of vampires. Their undead existence itself is denied, and due to which, they can no longer the same.

Action, Animation, English Movies, Fantasy, Genre, Rating, Reviews, Superhero, Worth a Watch

Big Hero 6 Review

Big Hero 6 Review – Big Hero 6 is an American animated superhero movie released in 2014. This movie is based on the Marvel Comics of the same name. A 14 year old genius and robotic expert Hiro Hamada has to form a super hero team to fight a villain who is suspected to have played a role in his brother’s death.

If you have read the comics you might already know what you would need to expect from the movie. However if you haven’t then one of the things you might need to know is this is not yet another animation movie that targets kids with a good moral message like Wall E, UP, Frozen, Brave and so on. There is no such thing this Big Hero 6 conveys. The movie is more of a super hero movie than that of a kid’s animation movie. During the break one of the kid exclaimed to her mom that she couldn’t understand the movie. If we are looking this more from a superhero movie angle then it has all the ingredients that would entice you. The animation is of great quality and the characters are all sketched very well. The health care robot Baymax is very cute and the scenes involving the interactions between Hiro and Baymax are funny and would make you laugh. The initial portions of the movie are more enjoyable than the climax itself. The climax is large and involves destruction on a large scale and reminded me of the Avengers and Man of Steel climax. This large scale destruction has now become a trademark for superhero movies. The movie revolves more around Hiro and Baymax. There is little space for the other four characters which I believe would be more prominent in the upcoming editions. The movie does have a post credit sequence which promises a premise for the next edition. So don’t leave the theater before the end of credits.

Overall Big Hero 6 has all the elements to entertain you and keep you engaged for 100 minutes. If you are a fan of Superhero and animation movies then don’t miss this one.

Watchable

Trailers

Lingaa Trailer

Lingaa Trailer

Superstar Rajnikanth’s latest Lingaa Trailer is released today. It has all the promises to become a wholesome entertainer. The script from KS Ravikumar and the mass appeal Rajinikanth is written all over the trailer. The core of the plot seems to be around building a Dam to bring in prosperity to the lives of people. the story spans from the period of British rules India to the current times.

For a movie which has been completed in such a brisk pace the output is good. It is definitely good to see Rajini walking on the screen without the restriction of any motion capture equipment 😀 There is a stark contrast you can see the way in which he walks mentioning “See you Soon” and the Jolly walk he does casually.

A R Rahman’s composition is quite different as to what you expect from a Rajini movie. This might have to do with the fact that this is a period flick. The songs would become a hit when combined with the visuals.

Hollywood Stuntman Lee Whittaker has choreographed the stunts for the movie. He has already created a buzz for Lingaa climax stunt sequence to be huge. This combined with Rathnavelu’s cinematography has definitely made the expectations sore high.

How can a Rajini movie go without any signature style element. The walk of Rajini and the way he pushes his long coat behind as he walks seem to be style icon for Lingaa.

Soon the catchy phrases like “Come on Boys”, “Lets Begin” and “See you soon” would start to trend among Rajini fans and memes on social network.

Enjoy watching the trailer till the movie comes to the theaters!

Can Skip it, Drama, Genre, Malayalam Movies, Rating, Reviews, Romance

London Bridge Review

London Bridge Review – London Bridge is a Malayalam romance drama released in 2014. Vijay is a successful businessman settled down in London. He gets the chance of his life to become the son in law of another famous businessman CS Nambiar. But with a strange turn of events a girl who is the bread winner of a poor family gets hit by his car and her right hand is paralyzed which prevents her from taking up a job. What will Vijay do now is the story of London Bridge.

London bridge did not work for me. Other than the pleasant visuals of London and UK countryside there was nothing enjoyable in this tale of romance. Majority of the movie happens in UK barring a few scenes in India. Through the entire movie the lead pair looks jet lagged. Nandita Raj’s expression is between A and B. Most of the intense emotional sequences fall flat with her single expression face. Prithivraj has tried hard to act but the chemistry between the pair goes missing. The plot of the story is very unique where the conflict is between the romance and morality of self. However it takes a U turn trying when the transition in the hero almost happens very quickly and you would be able to guess the call he would take naturally in the end. The second half of the movie happens to be just a formality to witness the predictable eventuality. If the stress has been made more on the inner conflict of the hero and kept him strong till the end of the movie it would have made a very interesting tale.

Prathap Pothan and Andrea Jeremiah are a big plus for the movie. Although they don’t have much scenes but the sequences they are present are watchable. Another drawback in the movie is its length and pace. The pace is too slow.

Overall this is a forgettable movie for Prithivraj. It had the promises but has failed to deliver on it.

Can Skip it

Related Posts: Om Shanthi Oshaana Review | Thattathin Marayathu Review

Friday Fundas

Chroma Key – How to make Superman fly the sky

Chroma Key – How to make Superman fly in the sky

In the previous Friday Fundas section I mentioned Cinema is a magical medium and how optical illusion can create perceived reality with techniques like Forced Perspective. One of the readers had asked an interesting question on how scenes similar to Kumbakarna and the tiny soldiers, Gulliver and Lilliputs are made. While some of the scenes may be forced perspective but the scenes which involve the Lilliputs walk over the giant body of Gulliver is covered by what is known as the Chroma Key Compositing or Chroma Keying Technique. This also popularly called as the Green Screen effect or the Blue screen effect.

The basic of Chroma Key is overlapping two images and make them merge with each other. Let us consider the flying action of Superman and the image of sky behind him. As images are built of pixels you would want to replace the background from the image of superman in flying action with that of the image of the sky. In order to achieve it you would want to make any pixels around Superman transparent. Well Chroma Keying is the technique to do that. The technique involves choosing certain color range of pixels and making it transparent.

A shot from Man of Steel using Chroma Keying
A shot from Man of Steel using Chroma Keying

In the initial days this was done using a blue screen at the background and then blue color was made transparent to merge with another frame to make it look like they are happening in the same space. It should be noted that no other character or object in the first scene should have blue color. As Superman has a blue costume instead of a blue screen a green screen could be used. In the modern days a green screen is used prevalently as the image sensors in digital video cameras are more sensitive to green there by allocating more pixels to green channel.

Prior to the digital era Chroma Key was also performed on the films. It was popularly referred to as Matte technique. The technique is as old as 1930s. The scene comprises of two scenes one the foreground shot and the other the background shot. The background of the foreground shot when taken would be a blue screen. Now the camera color negative of this shot was printed onto a high contrast black and white film using either a filter or the black and white film to limit the blue color. The resultant film produced transparent color wherever it found blue. The end result is the foreground object with a transparent background. This is called the “Female matte”. This was now copied onto the high contrast negative of the background scene which is called the “Male matte”. The end result is the negative of the film with both these scenes merged with each other.

One of the key challenges in this technique was camera movement. The camera movement used when shooting the foreground should be used exactly the same way while shooting the background scene. Later techniques were developed to automate this process to move the camera exactly the same way.

Well next time you see Superman fly or Batman jump across buildings you would remember there is always a Chroma Key behind it.

Related Posts: Forced Perspective | Bullet Time | Friday Fundas Archive